C Programming Language Tutorial

In this C Tutorial, you’ll learn all C programming basic to advanced concepts like variables, arrays, pointers, strings, loops, etc. This C Programming Tutorial is designed for both beginners as well as experienced professionals, who’re looking to learn and enhance their knowledge of the C programming language.

What is C?

C is a general-purpose, procedural, high-level programming language used in the development of computer software and applications, system programming, games, web development, and more. C language was developed by Dennis M. Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1972. It is a powerful and flexible language which was first developed for the programming of the UNIX operating System. C is one of the most widely used programming language.

C programming language is known for its simplicity and efficiency. It is the best choice to start with programming as it gives you a foundational understanding of programming.

C Tutorial

C Basics

• C Language Introduction
• Features of C Programming Language
• C Programming Language Standard
• Setting Up C Development Environment
• C Hello World Program
• Compiling a C Program: Behind the Scenes
• C Comments
• Tokens in C
• C Identifiers
• Keywords in C

C Variables and Constants

• C Variables
• Constants in C
• Const Qualifier in C
• Different Ways to Declare Variable as Constant in C
• Scope Rules in C
• Internal Linkage and External Linkage in C
• Global Variables in C

C Data Types

• Data Types in C
• Data Type Modifiers in C
• Literals in C
• Escape Sequence in C
• bool in C
• Integer Promotions in C
• Character Arithmetic in C
• Type Conversion in C

C Input/Output

• Basic Input and Output in C
• Format Specifiers in C
• printf in C
• scanf in C
• Scansets in C
• Formatted and Unformatted Input and Output Functions

C Operators

• Operators in C
• Arithmetic Operators in C
• Unary Operators in C
• Relational Operators in C
• Bitwise Operators in C
• Logical Operators in C
• Assignment Operators in C
• Increment and Decrement Operators in C
• Conditional or Ternary Operator (?:) in C
• size of Operator in C
• Operator Precedence and Associativity in C

C Control Statements Decision-Making

• Decision-Making in C
• C if Statement
• C if…else Statement
• C if-else-if Ladder
• Switch Statement in C
• Using Range in switch case in C
• Loops in C
• C for Loop
• while looping in C
• do…while Loop in C
• for versus while Loop
• continue Statement in C
• break Statement in C
• goto Statement in C

C Functions

• C Functions
• User-Defined Function in C
• Parameter Passing Techniques in C
• Importance of Function Prototype in C
• Return Multiple Values From a Function
• main Function in C
• Implicit Return Type int in C
• Callbacks in C
• Nested Functions in C
• Variadic functions in C
• _Noreturn Function Specifier in C
• Predefined Identifier __func__ in C
• Maths Functions in C

C Arrays & Strings

• C Arrays
• Properties of Array in C
• Multidimensional Arrays in C
• Initialization of Multidimensional Arrays in C
• Pass Array to Functions in C
• Pass a 2D Array as a Parameter in C
• Data Types for Which Array is Not Possible
• Pass an Array by Value in C
• Strings in C
• An Array of Strings in C
• Difference Between Single Quoted and Double Quoted Initialization
• String Functions in C

C Pointers

• C Pointers
• Pointer Arithmetics in C
• Pointer to Pointer (Double Pointer) in C
• Function Pointer in C
• Declare Function Pointer in C
• Pointer to an Array in C
• Constant Pointer in C
• Pointer vs Array in C
• Dangling, Void, Null and Wild Pointers
• Near, Far and Huge Pointers in C
• restrict Keyword in C

C User-Defined Data Types

• C Structures
• dot (.) Operator in C
• C typedef
• Structure Member Alignment, Padding and Data Packing
• Flexible Array Members in a Structure in C
• C Unions
• Bit Fields in C
• Difference Between Structure and Union in C
• Anonymous Union and Structure in C
• Enumeration (or enum) in C

C Storage Classes

• Storage Classes in C
• extern Keyword in C
• Static Variables in C
• Initialization of Static Variables in C
• Static Functions in C
• Understanding “volatile” Qualifier in C
• Understanding the “register” Keyword in C