Have you encountered classes without behavior? Classes are their behavior.

TL;DR: Remove all empty classes.

Problems

• Bijection Fault

• Namespace Polluting

• Classes used as DTOs

• Classes used as global references

Solutions

1. Remove the classes and replace them with objects instead.

2. If your classes are Anemic Exceptions, remove them.

Context

Many developers still think classes are data repositories.

They couple different behavior concept with returning different data.

Sample Code

Wrong

class ShopItem { 
  code() { }
  description() { }                 
}

class BookItem extends ShopItem { 
   code() { return 'book' }
   description() { return 'some book'}     
}

// concrete Class has no real behavior, just return different 'data'