exec

package standard library
go1.12.14 Latest Latest
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 Go to latest Published: Dec 4, 2019 License: BSD-3-Clause Imports: 11 Imported by: 265,708

Documentation

Overview

Package exec runs external commands. It wraps os.StartProcess to make it easier to remap stdin and stdout, connect I/O with pipes, and do other adjustments.

Unlike the "system" library call from C and other languages, the os/exec package intentionally does not invoke the system shell and does not expand any glob patterns or handle other expansions, pipelines, or redirections typically done by shells. The package behaves more like C's "exec" family of functions. To expand glob patterns, either call the shell directly, taking care to escape any dangerous input, or use the path/filepath package's Glob function. To expand environment variables, use package os's ExpandEnv.

Note that the examples in this package assume a Unix system. They may not run on Windows, and they do not run in the Go Playground used by golang.org and godoc.org.

Index

Examples

Constants

This section is empty.

Variables

View Source 
var ErrNotFound = errors.New("executable file not found in $PATH")

ErrNotFound is the error resulting if a path search failed to find an executable file.

Functions

func LookPath 

func LookPath(file string) (string, error)

LookPath searches for an executable named file in the directories named by the PATH environment variable. If file contains a slash, it is tried directly and the PATH is not consulted. The result may be an absolute path or a path relative to the current directory.

Example 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os/exec"
)

func main() {
	path, err := exec.LookPath("fortune")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal("installing fortune is in your future")
	}
	fmt.Printf("fortune is available at %s\n", path)
}

Types

type Cmd 

type Cmd struct {
	// Path is the path of the command to run.
	//
	// This is the only field that must be set to a non-zero
	// value. If Path is relative, it is evaluated relative
	// to Dir.
	Path string

	// Args holds command line arguments, including the command as Args[0].
	// If the Args field is empty or nil, Run uses {Path}.
	//
	// In typical use, both Path and Args are set by calling Command.
	Args []string

	// Env specifies the environment of the process.
	// Each entry is of the form "key=value".
	// If Env is nil, the new process uses the current process's
	// environment.
	// If Env contains duplicate environment keys, only the last
	// value in the slice for each duplicate key is used.
	Env []string

	// Dir specifies the working directory of the command.
	// If Dir is the empty string, Run runs the command in the
	// calling process's current directory.
	Dir string

	// Stdin specifies the process's standard input.
	//
	// If Stdin is nil, the process reads from the null device (os.DevNull).
	//
	// If Stdin is an *os.File, the process's standard input is connected
	// directly to that file.
	//
	// Otherwise, during the execution of the command a separate
	// goroutine reads from Stdin and delivers that data to the command
	// over a pipe. In this case, Wait does not complete until the goroutine
	// stops copying, either because it has reached the end of Stdin